Deep Venous Thrombosis – Formation of a Clot in the Deep Veins of the Legs or Arms

Deep Venous Thrombosis:  Deep vein thrombosis is the formation of a clot in the deep veins of the legs or arms. 

Causes:

  • Vein injuries
  • Faster blood clotting
  • Decreased blood flow rateln other cases, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) can occur as a result of decreased blood flow rate noted due to conditions such as:
  • Prolonged bed rest
  • Decreased mobility of the legs due to injury or disease
  • Prolonged sitting – at work, while travel
  • Other causes:  surgery, contraceptives, cancer, inherited diseases, smoking, dehydration and childbirth

 Signs and symptoms

  • The leg is red in colour
  • The leg feel warm
  • Pain in leg
  • Leg feels tender
  • Leg swelling
  • Swollen calf muscles
  • Swelling of the ankle, foot, thigh or arm

 Diagnosis                     

  • Signs and symptoms above
  • D-diper test
  • Blood clotting test
  • Ultra sound or CT scan

 Treatment

  • Initial hospitalization
  • Compression stockings for 2 years
  • Raise the leg when not busy
  • Anti-coagulants like Xarelto 20mg and Pradaxa – no need to monitor INR/PI as with Warfarin

Complications

  • Pulmonary embolism (clot in lung)
  • Post thrombotic syndrome:  calf pain, swelling, rash and ulcers

Prevention

  • Take your medicine as directed
  • Reduce vitamin K food intake (Cauliflower (3,6000mcg), Brussels sprouts (1,888mcg), Lettuce (135mcg), Cabbage (125mcg), Beans (290mcg), Broccoli (200mcg), Peas (260mcg), Watercress (56mcg), Asparagus (57mcg), Potatoes (50mcg), Corn Oil (50mcg), Tomatoes (5mcg), Milk (1mcg) ) if you take blood thinners like Warfarin
  • Exercise as soon as possible and frequently – don’t sit too long in one position.  Walking is good and if you can’t get up to walk around, try raising and lowering your heels while keeping your toes on the floor, then raising your toes while your heels are on the floor.  exercise will prevent clotting.
  • Lifestyle changes:  lose weight, quit smoking and control your blood pressure.  Obesity, smoking and high blood pressure will increase your risk of deep vein thrombosis.
  • Remember Vitamin E and Omega oils also thin blood.

 

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